Preconception Counselling & Lifestyle

Lifestyle Modifications

Nutrition & Weight

  • • Maintain BMI between 18.5-24.9 for optimal fertility
  • • Mediterranean diet may improve fertility outcomes
  • • Folic acid 0.4-1mg daily (start 3 months before conception)
  • • Vitamin D supplementation if deficient

Exercise

  • • Regular moderate exercise (150 min/week)
  • • Avoid excessive high-intensity training
  • • Balance is key - both extremes can affect fertility

Substances to Avoid

  • • Smoking cessation (both partners)
  • • Limit alcohol intake, as lower consumption is associated with lower health risk.
  • • Reduce caffeine (≤300mg/day)
  • • Avoid recreational drugs

Timing of Intercourse

Best timing

  1. Track your menstrual calendar to predict days; ovulation typically occurs 14 days before next period.
  2. Track cervical mucous changes; highest probability of conception is on the day of peak production of slippery clear mucus.
  3. Daily monitoring with a basal-body thermometer can detect the transient increase in body temperature (0.5 degrees Celsius rise).
  4. Luteinizing hormone kits.

Environmental Factors

Occupational Hazards to Avoid

  • • Pesticides and chemicals
  • • Heavy metals
  • • Radiation exposure
  • • High heat exposure (males)

Medications to Review

  • • Review all current medications
  • • NSAIDs (may delay ovulation)
  • • Antidepressants (outweight risks/benefits of use)

Psychological Support

Infertility significantly impacts emotional well-being. Recommend:

  • • Stress management techniques
  • • Relationship counselling if needed
  • • Support group referrals
  • • Mental health screening at each visit